Golf in India has been steadily growing, but its infrastructure still faces challenges in keeping up with demand. With nearly 200 golf courses across the country, access remains limited, particularly for civilians. As the sport gains popularity, India needs to find sustainable ways to expand its golf facilities while overcoming land acquisition hurdles and increasing accessibility.
Golf Courses in India
India has 196 registered golf courses, but nearly half of these are located on military bases, restricting civilian access. Additionally, 35 more courses operate independently, including approximately 17 Pitch and Putt courses. This leaves around 135 courses open to the general public, which is a relatively small number considering India’s rising interest in the sport.
The types of courses available are divided as follows:
- 9-hole courses – The most common, making up about 60% of the total courses.
- 18-hole courses – More prestigious and full-length facilities, accounting for 39% of the total courses.
- 27-hole clubs – A rare format, with only three such clubs in India.
According to research conducted by KPMG’s Golf Benchmark Survey, the average 18-hole course hosts between 25,000 and 30,000 rounds per year (excluding military courses). At top-tier clubs equipped with floodlights, extended hours allow for even more rounds to be played, catering to higher demand.
Golf courses in India generate varying levels of revenue based on their size and popularity. On average: 9-hole and 18-hole courses earn between $180,000 and $200,000 per year; larger, high-demand clubs can bring in up to $800,000 annually.
These figures indicate a strong potential for golf to become a more lucrative industry in India. However, affordability and accessibility remain major barriers to widespread participation.
Challenges in Course Development
One of the biggest hurdles for expanding golf infrastructure in India is land acquisition. Unlike other countries where large plots of land are readily available, India’s urban landscape presents significant challenges:
- Limited land availability – Acquiring a large enough area for a full-scale course is often impractical.
- High costs – The need to purchase multiple small plots significantly increases the price of development.
- Lengthy approval processes – Planning and regulatory hurdles can delay or even derail projects.
Due to these factors, many real estate projects that initially included golf components have had to omit the sport altogether due to logistical difficulties.
Solutions for Growth
To keep up with the growing demand for golf, India may need to develop up to 100 new courses in the next decade. The best way to achieve this expansion is through affordable and efficient solutions:
- Developing more Pitch and Putt courses. This format requires less space and is ideal for urban areas.
- Investing in junior and academy programs. Encouraging young players will help grow the sport from the grassroots level.
- Promoting amateur and recreational golf. Making golf more accessible through public awareness and community initiatives.
- Combining golf with real estate developments. Integrating courses into housing projects can make new developments more feasible.
With strategic planning and a focus on accessibility, India has the potential to transform golf from an exclusive sport into a more widely embraced recreational activity. Overcoming infrastructure challenges and increasing participation will be key to securing a strong future for Indian golf.